At the crossroads of the green and digital transformations, Europe faces one of the most complex regulatory challenges of our time: how to harness artificial intelligence to accelerate the energy transition without undermining sustainability, security, and fundamental rights. Clean Energy and AI, Volume 2 of the EFELA Energy Law Series, brings together leading scholars, practitioners, regulators, and industry experts to confront this pivotal question. Drawing on the discussions of the European Federation of Energy Law Associations (EFELA) Annual Conference, the volume explores the evolving legal architecture governing the AI–energy nexus. Contributors examine the constitutional, regulatory, and market implications of integrating advanced digital technologies into Europe’s energy systems, from smart grids and data centres to hydrogen, storage, and emerging clean technologies. Particular attention is given to the risks posed by rising electricity demand, regulatory fragmentation, and the need for transparent and accountable governance frameworks. Through comparative analysis and forward-looking perspectives, the book highlights the transformative role of EU law in steering the twin transitions toward climate neutrality, energy security, and technological competitiveness. It also identifies the legal gaps and policy choices that will shape the next generation of energy regulation in Europe and beyond.
